东亞尾胞吸虫(Halipegus)生活史研究及其种类問題LIFE HISTORY OF A HALIFEGUS SPECIES IN FUKIEN WITH A DISCUSSION ON THE SPECIES PROBLEM IN CHINA AND JAPAN
唐崇惕;唐仲璋;
摘要(Abstract):
1.1947年作者在福州金綫蛙(Rana nigromaculata)的口腔內发現有尾胞吸虫的寄生,这一种尾胞吸虫属(Halipegus)吸虫在前此国內尚无报告过。不久后在本地的平卷貝(Hipeutes cantori Benson)体內发現天然感染的尾胞吸虫的尾蚴。1956年夏天檢查本地的澤蛙(Rana limnocharis)在它的口腔舌下找到了本种吸虫,感染率10%,感染强度平均每只阳性蛙含有1—2只虫,最多达到6条虫。 2.在1936年8月至10月间作者将从澤蛙口腔舌下所檢得的尾胞吸虫在培养皿中产出的卵以及从虫体子宫末端解剖出来的成熟的卵,用作人工感染平卷貝(Hipeutes cantori)幼螺的試驗, 并詳細观察其各期的发育,确定本吸虫只有一代胞蚴和一代裂蚴。从感染的平卷貝体內排出的尾胞幼虫用来喂飼劍水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti),21日后解剖劍水蚤,在它体腔內找到有成熟的后期尾蚴。 3.Halipegus属吸虫具有世界性的分布。关于东亚尾胞吸虫种类的问题尚未解决,山口左仲(Yamaguti,1936)认为日本的尾胞吸虫和H.occidualis Stafford有区别,系为一新种定名为日本尾胞吸虫(H.japonicus Yamaguti,1936)东亚尾胞吸虫和H.occidualis在成虫的形态构造上尤其是卵的大小上有些微差异。如H.occidualis卵的大小是0.050—0.001mm×0.021-0.026mm,卵絲长0.160—0.200mm;而日本尾胞吸虫的卵是0.045—0.048mm×0.016—0.018—mm.卵絲长0.3mm。福建标本的卵也比较小0.037—0.047mm×0.014—0.022mm,卵絲长0.136—0.22mm。因此如果单从成虫的形态构造以及卵的大小来鉴定福建标本无疑是属于日本尾胞吸虫。通过本项生活史研究看出福建标本的生活史中各期幼虫的形态构造和H.occidualis发育各期的形态构造极为相似。因此作者认为H.Japonicus Yamaguti,1936是H.occidualis的同物异名。
关键词(KeyWords):
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors): 唐崇惕;唐仲璋;
参考文献(References):
- 1. Creutzburg, Nicolaus 1890. Untersuchungen ueber den bau und die Entwichelung von Distomum ovocaudatum, Vulpian. Inavg. Dissert. Leipzig. 32 pp.
- 2. Dollfus, R. Ph. 1931. Footnote. Ann. Parasitol. 9:192.
- 3. Dollfus, R. Ph. 1950. Note et distribution geographique des cercaires cystophores. Ann. Parasit. 25:(4) 276-296.
- 4. Fuhrmann, O. 1928. In "Handbuch der Zoologie" by W. Kuckenthal and T. Kaumbach. Zweiter Band Erste Halfe (2) : 109.
- 5. Krull. w. H. 1935. Studies on the life history of Halipegus occidualis Stafford, 1905, Amer. Midl. Nat. 16:129-143.
- 6. Rankin, J. S 1944. A review of the trematode Genus Halipegus Looss, 1899, with an account of the life history of H. anthers tensis n. sp. Amer. Micro. Society Vol. 63, No. 2.
- 7. Rothschild, M. 1938. Cercaria sinitzini n. sp. a cvstophorous cercaria from Veringia ulvae (Pennant, 1777) . Novitates Zoologicae 41:42-57.
- 8. Seno, H 1907. Distomes in Japan. Dobutu Gaku Zassi 19:123-124.
- 9. Srivastava, H. D. 1933. On new trematodes of frogs and fishes of the U. P. India-Part I. New distomes of the family Hemiuridae Luhe, 1901 from North Indian fishes & frogs with a systematic discussion on the family Halipegidae Poche, 1925, and the genera Vitellotrema Guberlel, 1928, & Genarchopsis Ozaki, 1925. Bull. Acad. Sci. Allahabad India 3:41-60.
- 10. Stafford, J. 1905. Trematodes from Canadian vertebrates. Zool. Anz. 28:681-694.
- 11. Syogaki, Y. 1937. Corrections oa the scientific names of worms in the Nippon Dobu tu-Zukan. Botany & Zoology. Tokyo 5:126-130.
- 12. Thomas, L. G. 1934. Cercaria sphaerula n. sp. from Helisoma trivolvis infecting Cyclops. Jour. Parasitol. 25:285-290.
- 13. Thoinas, L. G 1939. Life cycle of a fluke, Halipegus eccentricus n. sp. found in the ear of frogs. Jour. Parasitol. 25:207-221.
- 14. Yamaguti, S. 1936. Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 14, Ainphibian trematodes. Jap. Jour. Zool. 6:551-576.